Medieval Times Food Allergy: A Historical Perspective

Food allergy has been a concern for humans throughout history, with evidence of allergic reactions dating back to medieval times. In ancient cultures, food poisoning was often associated with intentional contamination or adulteration of food with deadly poisons. The concept of food poisoning as we know it today did not exist until much later.

In the 19th century, scientists began to identify certain foods that could cause acute attacks of diarrhœa and vomiting when consumed. These toxic compounds were referred to as ptomaines, which are formed when food is in an advanced stage of putrefaction.

One of the earliest recorded instances of a food-related illness was the outbreak of neuro-paralysis linked to German sausage consumption. In 1895, Belgian scientist van Ermengen isolated a powerful toxin from the sausage, later identified as the anaerobic sporing bacillus B. This discovery marked a significant milestone in understanding the causes of foodborne illnesses.

The discovery of bacteria such as Salmonella by scientists like Salmon and Gaertner in the late 19th century further solidified our understanding of food poisoning. These bacteria produce toxins that can cause gastro-enteritis, a common and often debilitating condition.

Fast forward to modern times, and we see a significant shift in the way we approach food safety. The Health Protection and Promotion Act regulates the handling and preparation of food, with strict guidelines for manufacturers, processors, and handlers. Today, it is rare to find animals in places where food is prepared or served.

In conclusion, while medieval times may seem like an age ago, our understanding of food allergy and poisoning has come a long way since then. From the intentional adulteration of food with poisons to the discovery of bacteria and toxins, our knowledge has evolved significantly over time. As we move forward, it is crucial that we continue to prioritize food safety and take steps to prevent allergic reactions and illnesses associated with contaminated food.

Medieval times food allergy